Video-Related Issues
If the game crashes on startup or during scene transitions, it may be due to outdated video drivers. Please try updating your video card drivers to the latest version. Some players have fixed intermittent crashes by completely uninstalling and then reinstalling their video card drivers.
File-Related Issues
If you've purchased the game on Steam, verify the integrity of your game files using the procedure detailed here:
https://support.steampowered.com/kb_article.php?ref=2037-QEUH-3335
Once that's done, relaunch the game and try again.
For other distributors, try uninstalling the game files (make sure this preserves your saves) and reinstalling them.